Automating Scaffolding, Scaffolding Nets For Risk Analysis And Planning At Construction Sites - Fame Agidife @fameAfric Engineering

What is scaffolding?

Scaffolding is a temporary structure to support the original structure as well as workmen utility used machinery to carry on a construction work.



Types Of Scaffolding

Types of scaffolding varies with the type of construction work. Scaffolding is made up of timber or steel. It should be stable and strong to support workmen and other construction material placed on it.

Following are types of Scaffolding in construction:

1. Single scaffolding
2. Double scaffolding
3. Cantilever scaffolding
4. Suspended scaffolding
5. Trestle scaffolding
6. Steel scaffolding
7. Patented scaffolding

Single Scaffolding:

Single scaffolding is generally used for brick masonry and is also called as brick layer’s scaffolding. Single scaffolding consists of standards, ledgers, putlogs etc., which is parallel to the wall at a distance of about 1.2 m. Distance between the standards is about 2 to 2.5 m. Ledgers connect the standards at vertical interval of 1.2 to 1.5 m. Putlogs are taken out from the hole left in the wall to one end of the ledgers. Putlogs are placed at an interval of 1.2 to 1.5 m.

Double Scaffolding:

Double Scaffolding is generally used for stone masonry so, it is also called as mason’s scaffolding. In stone walls, it is hard to make holes in the wall to support putlogs. So, two rows of scaffolding is constructed to make it strong. The first row is 20 – 30 cm away from the wall and the other one is 1m away from the first row. Then putlogs are placed which are supported by the both frames. To make it more strong rakers and cross braces are provided. This is also called as independent scaffolding.


Cantilever Scaffolding:

This a type of scaffolding in which the standards are supported on series of needles and these needles are taken out through holes in the wall. This is called single frame type scaffolding. In the other type needles are strutted inside the floors through the openings and this is called independent or double frame type scaffolding. Care should be taken while construction of cantilever scaffolding.

Generally cantilever scaffoldings are used under conditions such as

When the ground does not having the capacity to support standards,When the Ground near the wall is to be free from traffic,When upper part of the wall is under construction.


Suspended Scaffolding:

In suspended scaffolding, the working platform is suspended from roofs with the help of wire ropes or chains etc., it can be raised or lowered to our required level. This type of scaffolding is used for repair works, pointing, paintings etc..


Trestle Scaffolding:

In Trestle scaffolding, the working platform is supported on movable tripods or ladders. This is generally used for work inside the room, such as paintings, repairs etc., up to a height of 5m.

Steel Scaffolding:

Steel scaffolding is constructed by steel tubes which are fixed together by steel couplers or fittings. It is very easy to construct or dismantle. It has greater strength, greater durability and higher fire resistance. It is not economical but will give more safety for workers. So, it is used extensively nowadays.

Patented Scaffolding:

Patented scaffoldings are made up of steel but these are equipped with special couplings and frames etc., these are readymade scaffoldings which are available in the market. In this type of scaffolding working platform is arranged on brackets which can be adjustable to our required level.


SCAFFOLDING NETS:

Where there’s construction, there’s debris-falling or flying objects that can seriously injure people and severely damage property.

Scaffolding nets wraps your building in safety, protecting workers, pedestrians, and nearby structures from harm. Star Nets debris netting can be used for enclosing scaffolds, protecting vision, and lining personnel safety nets.

Debris netting can also be used for protection from wind and sandblasting. This cost effective lightweight debris netting, is manufactured from high density polyethylene monofilaments. Star scaffolding nets prevent injuries and protect you from liability.

Risk Analysis, Ontology And The Dynamo Of  Scaffolding System

A well conducted risk analysis on the scaffolding system could have significant impact on project performance. Although many governments developed safety regulations and standards for the scaffolding system, it is still a challenge for construction safety managers to execute these regulations at construction sites. One of the reasons is that these regulations are documents which require construction safety manager to accurately translate the information with 2-dimensional drawings into a workable safety plan. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been employed to enhance the safety management at the construction site; however, the scaffolding system, as a temporary facility, it is usually not developed in the BIM model. Consequently, scaffold-related hazards are hard to be identified and analyzed.

 This study focuses on construction as BIM-based scaffolding safety management model to analyze various scaffold-related risks and provide solutions. First, the requirements for scaffolding planning are identified by developing an ontology for risk analysis. Then a series of Dynamo modules are established to automate the process of developing the scaffolding system in the BIM model according to the requirements identified. Next, various simulations based on the potential hazard events are conducted to serve as a tool for educating construction workers and determining solutions. In addition, safety check lists with 3-D location information are derived from the BIM model to help safety managers reduce the difficulties of implementing safety regulations and improve the quality of safety management at construction sites.