So, Why do sheep need shearing or is it just for the wool commercial purposes only ?
Sheep didn’t always need to be sheared; people breed sheep to produce excess wool. Wild sheep (and certain types of “hair” breeds like the Katahdin) will naturally shed their coarse winter coats. They do this by scratching their bodies against trees and rubbing away their extra fluff as the weather warms up.
Most of our rescued sheep are wool breeds—or wool/hair crosses—and can’t regulate this excess weight on their own. So we shear them to keep them from overheating and to improve their quality of life. This excess wool isn’t natural—and sheep are the ones who pay the price.
2. What’s the problem with wool?
Commercial shearing is very different from a simple haircut. Shearers are paid by the sheep, not the hour, so there’s an incentive to work as quickly as possible. As sheep are prey animals, they’re frightened by the rapid pace, rough handling, and whirring of the shears. They can also get cut from the sheer speed of operation or while trying to reorient themselves to feel safe. Merino sheep bear the brunt of this cruelty: the Australian favorite yields soft and bountiful wool beloved by fiber artists and fashionistas alike.
But the issues go beyond shearing. Mutilations, including castration, tail docking, and mulesing (the slicing and removal of skin from the sheep’s backsides), are other common, traumatic, and sometimes deadly practices in raising sheep. As sheep age and they stop producing top-quality wool, they’re slaughtered for meat. In Australia, the source of most of the world’s wool, such sheep are typically exported by boat to countries where mature sheep meat is commonly consumed, enduring grueling journeys of up to three weeks..
3. What is shearing like at Farm Sanctuary?
It’s a much slower process, completed over several days. We work with a shearer who’s known our flocks for years and treats our sheep with care and respect. Our caregiving team is also there throughout the process to assist with handling and to ease extra jitters.
But it’s still a little scary, even with all these precautions. Sheep don’t like feeling vulnerable. Even the calmest among the flock may feel a bit tense when gently turned on their sides for a thorough shear. (It’s safe when done correctly—even for older sheep—though some with special needs may remain standing.)
And even when taking the very best care, some accidental cuts still happen. Our caregivers apply a liquid bandage to their skin and monitor them until they’ve healed. Then we administer one of their annual vaccines and send them off to join their friends on pasture.
4. How do the sheep feel about it?
Once everything’s done, they feel light and free––a literal weight has been lifted from their shoulders! They kick up their heels, roughhouse a bit with their friends, and enjoy their first graze with the cool breeze against their skin.
Some also enjoy all the extra attention from their human admirers! (It’s so much easier to scratch their backs without all that wool and embedded hay in the way.) Here’s our tip for giving the best sheep scritches: You’ll know a sheep is happy when they close their eyes, turn their heads, and smack their lips and flick their tongues as though saying, “Aaah yes, that’s the spot!”
5. What do we do with the wool?
We don’t keep or sell it—but why not? It seems ethically sourced: We’re not raising the sheep for their wool, and we take great care throughout the shearing process. By approaching animals with the mindset that their lives are their own, then it’s easy to see how the wool isn’t really ours to use or sell. To do so would further commoditize these sheep.
Instead of using something cultivated from unnecessary harm, we give the wool back to nature—laying it out upon the hillsides for compost and for wildlife to collect for their nests. And in 2010, we donated some to help sponge up the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.
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